Testosterone plays a crucial role in men’s health, influencing everything from energy levels and mood to muscle mass, bone density, and sexual function. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options is the first step toward reclaiming health and well-being.
Adam S. Baumgarten, M.D., MBA, assistant professor in the UAB Department of Urology, shares insights on the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for low testosterone in men.
Diagnosis and symptoms
Low testosterone, or hypogonadism, in men can result from a variety of underlying factors.
“Common causes include the natural aging process, obesity, chronic illness, genetic disorders, and the use of certain medications,” Baumgarten explained. “Diagnosing low testosterone involves assessing symptoms and confirming with a blood test measuring total testosterone.”
Additionally, lifestyle factors such as sleep apnea and substance abuse can contribute to decreased testosterone levels.
It is important to note that several other medical conditions can mimic the symptoms of low testosterone, including depression, sleep apnea, hypothyroidism, and anemia, among others. Because of this, a thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan.
Health impact
Low testosterone can affect mental health and energy levels, often causing fatigue, irritability, mood swings, and even depression. Over time, low testosterone can contribute to a range of serious health problems.
“These may include reduced muscle mass, decreased bone density with a higher risk of fractures, increased chances of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease, infertility, and depression,” Baumgarten said.
Treatment and management
For many men, low testosterone can be effectively managed and improved through targeted lifestyle changes and, when necessary, medical treatment.
“Lifestyle adjustments like improving sleep, reducing stress, losing weight, and increasing physical activity can naturally boost testosterone, particularly in borderline or age-related cases,” Baumgarten noted.
At UAB, men who require testosterone replacement therapy can access a full range of services through the Men’s Health Clinic, which offers various treatment options including injections, gels or creams, subcutaneous pellets, and oral medications.