Current Project Publications

CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the 2018 cholesterol guideline, the new model improves identification of individuals at very high risk of recurrent ASCVD, supporting more personalized treatment decisions.

CONCLUSION: Replacing SB with moderate or higher intensity PA may decrease AF risk. In REGARDS, these substitutions appeared to benefit older individuals and those reporting shorter sleep duration.

CONCLUSIONS: The association between CKD and incident diabetes depends on how CKD is defined. These findings highlight the need for future studies to explore how renal function is assessed when determining adverse outcomes related to CKD.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this pooled analysis of 6 US cohorts, multiple VRFs and a history of stroke were associated with incident LOE. These findings suggest that LOE may reflect the underlying burden of brain vascular disease.

CONCLUSIONS: Higher urinary EGF levels, measured years before HF, are associated with a lower risk of AKI during HF hospitalization. Tubular health may be associated with resilience against HF-related kidney injury.

Background: Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are associated with risk of stroke, cognitive impairment, and dementia. The influence of race and/or region of residence on CMB is underexplored.

CONCLUSION: Functional annotation-informed PRSs and expanded reference panels modestly improved prediction, particularly among EA participants. Limited performance among AA participants underscores the need for larger, more diverse genomic datasets and integrative models incorporating genetic, clinical, lifestyle, and social determinants of health.

CONCLUSIONS: In this feasibility study, we demonstrated that personal mobile phones could be used to passively track older adults' life space based on a digital health app developed on an open-source platform. There was wide variation in objectively measured life space, and we found sociodemographic patterning of life-space movement.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In patients with severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis, revascularization with either CAS or CEA plus IMM, compared with IMM alone, did not significantly improve cognitive function at up to 4 years of follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this substudy of a randomized clinical trial, there was no differential effect of revascularization vs IMM alone on cognition over 1 year by cerebral hemodynamic status among those with baseline reduced cognition, suggesting that revascularization does not improve cognitive dysfunction by restoring flow to the brain in chronic asymptomatic carotid stenosis.

CONCLUSIONS: Using Predicting Risk of CVD Events 30-year predicted total CVD risk identified a subgroup of younger adults with low 10-year and high 30-year risk who may benefit from earlier preventive interventions. Hypertension was the leading contributor to CVD in this risk category.

No abstract

CONCLUSIONS: Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity was low across RUCA categories with rural-urban differences in PA driven by LIPA and SB. Educational attainment modified the association between rurality and LIPA, suggesting education may play a role in rural-urban differences in PA.

CONCLUSIONS: WC and WHR identifies misclassification of conventional BMI categories and reclassifies CVD risk across normal weight, overweight, and obesity, adding diagnostic and prognostic value.

INTRODUCTION: The impact of incremental dietary changes on cognitive health is inadequately understood. We investigated dietary modifications and subsequent cognitive impairment in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In patients with severe asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis, revascularization with either CAS or CEA plus IMM, compared with IMM alone, did not significantly improve cognitive function at up to 4 years of follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this substudy of a randomized clinical trial, there was no differential effect of revascularization vs IMM alone on cognition over 1 year by cerebral hemodynamic status among those with baseline reduced cognition, suggesting that revascularization does not improve cognitive dysfunction by restoring flow to the brain in chronic asymptomatic carotid stenosis.

No abstract

No abstract

CONCLUSIONS: Higher BMI was robustly associated with increased risk for most outcomes, particularly HF and AF, even after adjusting for traditional risk factors. Observed sex differences in the relative hazard of higher BMI categories and stroke, total CVD, and all-cause mortality suggest potential differences in underlying biological mechanisms.

CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort of patients with high-grade asymptomatic carotid stenosis, higher end-diastolic flow velocities correlated with greater TTP delays, supporting a definition of hemodynamically significant stenosis. Our findings have implications for the management of asymptomatic carotid stenosis, which will be tested in the CREST-H study.

CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with high-grade stenosis without recent symptoms, the addition of stenting led to a lower risk of a composite of perioperative stroke or death or ipsilateral stroke within 4 years than intensive medical management alone. Carotid endarterectomy did not lead to a significant benefit.

CONCLUSION: The association of maternal educational attainment on GA-specific IMR among late preterm and term infants differs by race and ethnicity. Disparities in IMR persist among Black infants despite educational attainment, while Hispanic infants had lower IMR at lower levels of educational attainment compared with White infants.

CONCLUSIONS: MVP prevalence aligned with population-based epidemiologic studies. PREVENT risk category may differentiate individuals at higher risk for MVP and for other VHD.

CONCLUSIONS: Site-generated, core laboratory-interpreted ultrasound examination provides a reliable way of characterizing carotid plaque morphological features across studies performed at many CREST-2 sites. The initial cohort of patients randomized in CREST-2 had heterogeneity of plaque features despite causing high-grade stenosis.

CONCLUSION: We describe an ongoing posttrial follow-up study of stroke prevention following IMM with or without carotid revascularization. The study relies on screening for stroke endpoints through periodic telephonic interviews and validation of endpoints through medical record review and vascular neurology video visits.

No abstract

CONCLUSION: Results from C3FIT will help to determine which model of care yields better outcomes for patients and their caregivers, which will build scientific evidence about post-stroke recovery and has the potential to impact post-stroke care across the country.

CONCLUSIONS: Stent design influences periprocedural stroke or death in carotid stenting. Closed-cell stents are associated with a lower event rate when treating primary atherosclerosis, but not in the setting of restenosis.

The authors present a comprehensive review on the history and development of oncolytic herpes simplex viral therapies for malignant glioma with a focus on mechanisms of delivery in prior and ongoing clinical trials.